Linguistics
Category:
Linguistics
June 11th, 2020 by Donald SteinyGeneral American English Consonant Allophones
May 5th, 2020 by Donald SteinyPhoneme | Allophone | Beginning of Word | Middle of Word | End of Word |
---|---|---|---|---|
/p/ | [p] | "plan" [ˈplæn] /ˈplæn/ | "spin" [ˈspIn] /ˈspIn/ | "soup" [ˈsup] /ˈsup/ |
/p/ | [pʰ] | "pin" [ˈpʰIn] /ˈpIn/ | "import" [Imˈpʰɔrt] /Imˈpɔrt/ | - |
/b/ | [b] | "be" [ˈbi] /ˈbi/ | "robot" [ˈɹoʊbɑt] /ɹoʊbɑt/ | "job" [ˈdʒɑb] /ˈdʒɑb/ |
/t/ | [t] | "two" [ˈtʰu] /ˈtu/ | "attack" [əˈtʰæk] /əˈtæk/ | - |
/t/ or /d/ | [ɾ] | - | "water" "ladder" [ˈwɔɾɚ] [læɾɚ] /ˈwɔtɚ/ /lædɚ/ | - |
/t/ | [ʔ] | - | "mountain" [‘maʊnʔn̩] /ˈmaʊntn̩/ | - |
/d/ | [d] | "day" [ˈdeɪ]' /ˈdeɪ/ | "words" [ˈwɝdz] /ˈwɝdz/ | "need" [ˈnid] /ˈnid/ |
/k/ | [k] | "quite" [ˈkwaɪt] /ˈkwaɪt/ | "next" [ˈnɛkst] /ˈnɛkst/ | "like" [ˈlaɪk] /ˈlaɪk/ |
/k/ | [kʰ] | "come" [ˈkʰʌm] /ˈkʌm/ | account [əˈkʰaʊnt] /əˈkaʊnt/ | - |
/g/ | [g] | "go" [ˈɡoʊ] /ˈɡoʊ/ | "together" [təˈɡɛðɚ] /təˈɡɛðɚ/ | "big" [ˈbɪɡ] /ˈbɪɡ/ |
/m/ | [m] | "met" [mɛt] /mɛt/ | "women" [ˈwɪmən] /ˈwɪmən/ | "beam" [bim] /bim/ |
/m̩/ | [m̩] | - | "smile" [ˈsm̩aɪəɫ] /ˈsmaɪəɫ/ | - |
/n/ | [n] | "no" [ˈnoʊ] /ˈnoʊ/ | "another" [əˈnʌðɚ] /əˈnʌðɚ/ | "then" [ˈðɛn] /ˈðɛn/ |
/n̩/ | [n̩] | - | "student" [ˈstudn̩t] /ˈstudn̩t/ | "person" [ˈpʰɝsn̩] /ˈpɝsn̩/ |
/ŋ/ | [ŋ] | - | "think" [ˈθɪŋk] /ˈθɪŋk/ | "thing" [ˈθɪŋ] /ˈθɪŋ/ |
/f/ | [f] | "few" [ˈfju] /ˈfju/ | "often" [ˈɔfən] /ˈɔfən/ | "life" [ˈlaɪf] /ˈlaɪf/ |
/v/ | [v] | "voice" [ˈvɔɪs] /ˈvɔɪs/ | "ever" [ˈɛvɚ] /ˈɛvɚ/ | "give" [ˈɡɪv] /ˈɡɪv/ |
/θ/ | [θ] | "three" [ˈθɹi] /ˈθɹi/ | "nothing" [ˈnʌθɪŋ] /ˈnʌθɪŋ/ | "death" [ˈdɛθ] /ˈdɛθ/ |
/ð/ | [ð] | "there" [ˈðɛr] /ˈðɛr/ | "other" [ˈʌðɚ] /ˈʌðɚ/ | "smooth" [ˈsmuð] /ˈsmuð/ |
/s/ | [s] | "say" [ˈseɪ] /ˈseɪ/ | "also" [ˈɔɫˌsoʊ] /ˈɔlˌsoʊ/ | "yes" [ˈjɛs] /ˈjɛs/ |
/z/ | [z] | "zone" [ˈzoʊn] /ˈzoʊn/ | "music" [ˈmjuzɪk] /ˈmjuzɪk/ | "buzz" [ˈbʌz] /ˈbʌz/ |
/ʃ/ | [ʃ] | "she" [ˈʃi] /ˈʃi/ | "social" [ˈsoʊʃəɫ] /ˈsoʊʃəl/ | "fish" [ˈfɪʃ] /ˈfɪʃ/ |
/ʒ/ | [ʒ] | "genre" [ˈʒɑnɹə] /ˈʒɑnɹə/ | "decision" [dɪˈsɪʒən] /dɪˈsɪʒən/ | "garage" [ɡɚˈɹɑʒ] /ɡɚˈɹɑʒ/ |
/h/ | [h] | "head" [ˈhɛd] /ˈhɛd/ | "perhaps" [pɚˈhæps] /pɚˈhæps/ | - |
/tʃ/ | [tʃ] | "check" [ˈtʃɛk] /ˈˈtʃɛk/ | "teacher" [ˈtʰitʃɚ] /ˈtitʃɚ/ | "age" [ˈeɪdʒ] /ˈeɪdʒ/ |
/j/ | [j] | "yet" [ˈjɛt] /ˈjɛt/ | "million" [ˈmɪɫjən] /ˈmɪljən/ | - |
/w/ | [w] | "when" [ˈwɛn] /ˈwɛn/ | "away" [əˈweɪ] /əˈweɪ/ | - |
/ɹ/ | [ɹ] | "right" [ˈɹaɪt] /ˈɹaɪt/ | "through" [ˈθɹu] /ˈθɹu/ | - |
/l/ | [l] | "last" [ˈlæst] /ˈlæst/ | "believe" [bəˈliv] /bəˈliv/ | - |
/l/ | [ɫ] | - | "old" "[ˈoʊɫd] /ˈoʊld/ | "well" [ˈwɛɫ] /ˈwɛl/ |
/l̩/ | [ɫ̩] | - | "models" [ˈmɑɾɫ̩z] /ˈmɑdl̩z/ | "little" [ˈlɪɾɫ̩] /ˈlɪtl̩/ |
How climate change is making hurricanes more dangerous » Yale Climate Connections
July 14th, 2019 by Donald Steiny
Stronger wind speeds, more rain, and worsened storm surge add up to more potential destruction.
Climate change deniers often trot out the fact that hurricanes are not becoming more frequent as “evidence” that global warming ant the resulting climate change is not happening. That misses the fact that hurricanes are rapidly becoming more intense, lasting longer, and dropping more water.
For instance, Hurricane Harvey, which inundated Houston, dropped more water than any other storm in us history. The US Midwest has undergone unprecedented flooding this year (2019) and Pacific typhoons have unleashed the most power ever recorded.
This is not surprising and is exactly what was predicted. As the world becomes warmer, there is more water in the atmosphere. This water eventually comes back to Earth as rain or snow.
The idea that the climate crisis is going to happen in the future is flat wrong, it’s happing now and will rapidly get worse.
Source: How climate change is making hurricanes more dangerous » Yale Climate Connections
Mind
April 24th, 2019 by Donald SteinyDoD Final Climate Report
February 11th, 2019 by Donald SteinyThis is a recent paper from the US Department of Defense about some of the issues they are facing because of global warming. It includes the destruction of bases, humanitarian aid for dislocated populations, and dealing with the resulting wars.
Source document contributed to DocumentCloud by Nicholas Kusnetz (InsideClimate News).
Source: DoD Final Climate Report
Brain and Music
February 10th, 2019 by Donald SteinyMusic and Your Brain
Article on the Police
February 10th, 2019 by Donald SteinyEnglish Idioms
November 23rd, 2018 by Donald Steiny
- 7/24
- 10-4
- 900 pound gorilla
- A "draw"
- A barking dog never bites
- A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
- A chicken and egg situation
- A dog and pony show
- A dog with a bone
- A good egg
- A man is known by the company he keeps.
- A nod and a wink
- A quack
- A sly dog
- A tough nut to crack
- Achilles heel
- Acting like a chicken with its head cut-off
- Acting like an angel
- All eyes (or ears) are on you
- All thumbs
- An apple doesn't fall very far from the tree
- Ants in your pants
- As fate would have it
- As mad as a hatter
- Back seat driver
- Bad apple
- Bad faith
- Bad to the bone
- Bail you out
- Balanced meal
- Bare minimum
- Bare-faced or bald-faced lie
- Baring (or bearing) your soul
- Be careful what you wish for
- Be happy with your lot in life
- Be the toast of the town
- Beat around the bush
- Beat with the ugly stick
- Beg-off
- Better safe than sorry
- Between a rock and a hard place
- Bite the bullet
- Blind as a bat
- Blind date
- Blow a fuse
- Blowing a lot of hot air
- Blowing it out your ass
- Bob's your uncle
- Bone-chilling
- Bottom's up
- Break a leg
- Bright-eyed and bushy-tailed
- Brown-nose
- Bull in a china shop
- Burning a candle from both ends
- Busy as a beaver
- Butter someone up
- By hook or by crook
- C'est la vie
- Call off the dogs
- Can't see the forest for the trees
- Carrot or a stick
- Cat's got your tongue?
- Catch the eye of someone
- Catching some "z's"
- Change your tune
- Cheap-skate
- Claim-jumper
- Clowning around
- Cold feet
- Cold shoulder
- Come clean
- Come hell or high water
- Come out of your shell
- Cop-out
- Couch potato
- Cross my heart and hope to die
- Cutting off your nose to spite your face
- Daydreaming
- Dead meat
- Dead-eye
- Deal the hand (or cards) you were dealt
- Death's door
- Deep shit
- Deer in the headlights
- Devil's advocate
- Devil's in the details
- Dime a dozen
- Dip-shit
- Doesn't know shit from Shinola
- Dog eat dog
- Dog-ear
- Don't be like the grasshopper!
- Don't bite off more than you can chew
- Don't count your chickens until they've hatched
- Don't cry over spilled milk
- Don't fix what ain't broke (If it isn't broken
- Don't let the fox guard the henhouse
- Don't put all your eggs in one basket
- Don't throw the baby out with the bath water!
- Down in the dumps
- Down that rabbit hole
- Down the road
- Drama queen
- Draw the last straw
- Ear-shot
- Early bird gets the worm
- Ears are burning
- Easy come
- Eating crow
- Egg on your face
- Egg someone on (stop egging me on!)
- Everything's better with bacon
- Evil-eye
- Eye candy
- Eye for an eye
- Eyes are bigger than your stomach
- Face-value
- Fall off the turnip truck
- False bill of goods or selling a bill of goods
- Feed the fire (or stoke the fire)
- Feel it in your bones
- Fence-mender
- Fifth wheel
- Fire in the belly
- Fired-up
- Fish out of water
- Fit as a fiddle
- Fit to be tied
- Flash in the pan
- Flying by the seat of your pants
- Follow in your footsteps
- Follow suit
- Fox in a hen house
- Free-loader
- Full steam (or speed) ahead
- Get on the stick
- Get the boot
- Get the monkey off my back
- Get the show on the road
- Get the wheels in motion
- Go fry an egg
- Go stag
- Going against the grain
- Gold-digger
- Goody two shoes
- Got cold feet
- Got gumption or got grit
- Green thumb
- Green with envy
- Hail Mary
- Hair of the dog that bit you
- Half in the bag
- Hands-down
- Hang out to dry
- Hang-dog look
- Hang-over
- Happy as a pig in shit
- Happy camper
- Happy go lucky
- Having a "come to Jesus" moment
- He's got guts
- Head in the sand
- Head over heels in love
- Heads-up!
- Heart in hand
- Heart on your sleeve
- Heartstrings or pulling on your heartstrings
- Heaven help us
- Hell in a handbasket
- Hello
- Hen-pecked
- Here's mud in your eye!
- Here's to your health!
- Highway robbery
- Hindsight is 20/20
- His bark is worse than his bite
- Hit the nail on the head
- Hogan's goat
- Hold your horses
- Hold your tongue! bite your tongue
- Holier than thou
- Holy cow!
- Honesty is the best policy
- Horsing around or rough-housing
- Hot off the press!
- Hot potato
- Hot-diggity!
- I can read you like a book
- I got your back
- I have my hands full
- I wish I were a fly on the wall
- I'll clock you! or knock your block off!
- I'll huff
- I'm all ears
- I'm dying to try it!
- I'm in the dog house
- I'm on the fence
- I'm stuffed!
- I'm toast!
- If the shoe fits
- If you can't beat 'em
- In a fishbowl
- In a nutshell
- In a pinch
- In hot water
- In someone else's shoes
- In the blink of an eye
- It's a dog's life
- It's not over until the fat lady sings
- It's not rocket science
- It's piece of cake
- Jack of all trades
- Jacked-up
- Jinx someone
- Keep on trucking
- Keep your eye on the prize (or ball)
- Keep your eyes peeled
- Kickass
- Kiss my ass
- Knickers in a twist
- Knock on wood
- Knocking on heaven's door
- Lame duck
- Last straw (or straw that broke the camel's back)
- Leadfoot
- Learn something by heart
- Let bygones be bygones
- Let it blow-over
- Let sleeping dogs lie
- Let the chips fall where they may
- Lick your wounds
- Like a bat out of hell
- Like a red-headed stepchild
- Like an albatross around my neck
- Like clockwork
- Like mixing oil and water
- Listen to that baby purr
- Loaded for bear
- Loose lips sink ships
- Loosey-Goosey
- Love is blind
- Lucky devil
- Lucky dog
- Luke-warm
- March to the beat of a different drummer
- Met your match
- Monday morning quarterback
- Mother's love is blind
- My hands are tied!
- Nailed to the wall
- Nest egg
- Never cry wolf
- Nip and tuck
- No bones about it
- No pain
- No rhyme or reason
- No such thing as a free lunch
- Not having a full-deck or playing without a full deck
- Not in Kansas anymore
- Not so fast!
- Not the sharpest knife in the drawer
- On a wing and a prayer
- On auto-pilot
- On the same wavelength
- On thin ice
- On your case (get off my case)
- On your high horse
- One bad apple spoils the barrel
- Open sesame
- Open up a can of worms
- Out of the frying pan and into the fire
- Over the moon
- Over your head
- Pace yourself
- Page from your own book
- Panic button
- Passed muster
- Payback is a bitch!
- Pea under the mattress
- Peeping tom
- Peer pressure
- Penny wise
- Pet peeve
- Pig pen
- Pig-out
- Pins and needles
- Pint-sized
- Piss and moan
- Play it by ear
- Poker face
- Poor devil
- Practice what you preach
- Preaching to the choir
- Pressing someone's buttons
- Pulling eye teeth
- Pulling my chain
- Pulling strings
- Put your foot in your mouth
- Putting the cart before the horse
- Quid pro quo
- Rain on your parade
- Raising cain
- Razor's edge
- Reached the boiling point or boiled over
- Reap what you sow
- Right hand man
- Rob Peter to pay Paul
- Roll with the punches
- Roller coaster ride
- Rude shocks await those who take credit from others
- Running against the clock
- Running against the grain
- Runt of the litter
- Saving something for a rainy day
- Scramble or hustle
- Second-hand information
- See you later alligator
- Self-fulfilling prophecy
- Self-help is the best help (God helps those who help themselves)
- She's a pistol!
- She's got a bun in the oven
- Shell-shocked
- Shit or get off the pot
- Shoot yourself in the foot
- Shooting a fish in a barrel
- Sick as a dog
- Sight for sore eyes
- Silver-tongued
- Sing your praises
- Sink or swim
- Sitting on top of the world
- Skating by
- Sleeps with the fishes
- Slip of the tongue
- Slow and steady wins the race
- Small potatoes
- Snap out of it!
- Snotty or stuck-up
- So hungry I could eat a horse
- Someone's anchor
- Something is in the bag
- Song and dance
- Sour grapes
- Speak softly and carry a big stick
- Stage fright
- Staying on track
- Stone fox
- Stop clowning around
- Strike while the iron's hot
- Strong stomach
- Suck it up
- Take a small gain over a large promise
- Take care of the little things and the bigger things will take care of themselves
- Take it easy
- Take it with a grain of salt
- Take one for the team
- Take the cake
- Take the plunge
- Talk is cheap
- Talk the talk
- Talk-back
- Teach a man to fish
- Teacher's pet
- Thank your lucky stars
- That sucks
- That was a blow-out
- That's fishy
- That's lame (lame joke
- That's nuts
- That's the way the cookie crumbles
- The calm before the storm
- The clock is ticking
- The devil made me do it!
- The devil makes work for idle hands (or "Idle hands are the devil's workplace)
- The golden rule: Do unto others as you would have them do unto you.
- The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence
- The mice will play while the cat's away (When the cat's away
- The odd man out
- The only thing that's certain: death and taxes
- The pot calling the kettle black
- The squeaky wheel gets the grease
- The straw that broke the camel's back
- The tail wagging the dog
- The whole enchilada
- Think twice
- Third time's a charm
- This is no picnic
- Thorn in my side
- Three strikes
- Three ways to Sunday
- Tiger by the tail
- Time flies (when you are having fun!)
- Time heals all wounds
- Time to pay the piper
- Time to rock and roll
- Time will tell
- Tip of the iceberg
- Tip-toe around something
- To beat the band
- To call the question
- To kill the goose that laid the golden egg
- Tongue in cheek
- Tongue-lashing
- Tongue-tied
- Too big for your britches
- Too many chiefs
- Too many cooks in the kitchen
- Topsy-turvey
- Tread lightly
- Woke up on the wrong side of the bed